HGEFS

In December 2025, NOAA announced the release of three AI global forecasting systems.

NOAA deploys new generation of AI-driven global weather models

All three models are available for download in Herbie:

• model="aigfs"

• model="aigefs"

• model="hgefs"

This notebook demonstrates how to download and use HGEFS data using Herbie.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

from herbie import Herbie, paint
from herbie.toolbox import EasyMap, ccrs, pc

There are two available products:

• product="sfc"

• product="pres"

You must specify the member

• member="spr"

• member="avg"

H = Herbie("2026-02-01", model="hgefs", product="sfc", member="avg")
H

✅ Found ┊ model=hgefs ┊ product=sfc ┊ 2026-Feb-01 00:00 UTC F00 ┊ GRIB2 @ nomads ┊ IDX @ local

▌▌Herbie HGEFS model sfc product initialized 2026-Feb-01 00:00 UTC F00 ┊ source=nomads

# Show all available sources
H.SOURCES

{'nomads': 'https://nomads.ncep.noaa.gov/pub/data/nccf/com/hgefs/prod/hgefs.20260201/00/ensstat/products/atmos/grib2/hgefs.t00z.sfc.avg.f000.grib2'}

H.inventory()

	grib_message	start_byte	end_byte	range	reference_time	valid_time	variable	level	forecast_time	?	search_this
0	1	0	860132.0	0-860132	2026-02-01	2026-02-01	UGRD	10 m above ground	anl	ens mean	:UGRD:10 m above ground:anl:ens mean:
1	2	860133	1680810.0	860133-1680810	2026-02-01	2026-02-01	VGRD	10 m above ground	anl	ens mean	:VGRD:10 m above ground:anl:ens mean:
2	3	1680811	2131433.0	1680811-2131433	2026-02-01	2026-02-01	TMP	2 m above ground	anl	ens mean	:TMP:2 m above ground:anl:ens mean:
3	4	2131434	NaN	2131434-	2026-02-01	2026-02-01	PRMSL	mean sea level	anl	ens mean	:PRMSL:mean sea level:anl:ens mean:

ds = H.xarray("GRD:10 m")
ds

/home/blaylock/GITHUB/Herbie/.venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/cfgrib/xarray_store.py:51: FutureWarning: In a future version of xarray the default value for compat will change from compat='no_conflicts' to compat='override'. This is likely to lead to different results when combining overlapping variables with the same name. To opt in to new defaults and get rid of these warnings now use `set_options(use_new_combine_kwarg_defaults=True) or set compat explicitly.
  o = xr.merge([o, ds], **kwargs)

<xarray.Dataset> Size: 8MB
Dimensions:              (latitude: 721, longitude: 1440)
Coordinates:
  * latitude             (latitude) float64 6kB 90.0 89.75 89.5 ... -89.75 -90.0
  * longitude            (longitude) float64 12kB 0.0 0.25 0.5 ... 359.5 359.8
    time                 datetime64[ns] 8B 2026-02-01
    step                 timedelta64[ns] 8B 00:00:00
    heightAboveGround    float64 8B 10.0
    valid_time           datetime64[ns] 8B 2026-02-01
    gribfile_projection  object 8B None
Data variables:
    u10                  (latitude, longitude) float32 4MB -6.69 -6.7 ... -5.87
    v10                  (latitude, longitude) float32 4MB -0.96 -0.93 ... 1.48
Attributes:
    GRIB_edition:            2
    GRIB_centre:             kwbc
    GRIB_centreDescription:  US National Weather Service - NCEP
    GRIB_subCentre:          2
    Conventions:             CF-1.7
    institution:             US National Weather Service - NCEP
    model:                   hgefs
    product:                 sfc
    description:             Hybrid Global Ensemble Forecast System (HGEFS)
    remote_grib:             https://nomads.ncep.noaa.gov/pub/data/nccf/com/h...
    local_grib:              /home/blaylock/data/hgefs/20260201/subset_afeff9...
    search:                  GRD:10 m

xarray.Dataset

• Dimensions:
  • latitude: 721
  • longitude: 1440
• Coordinates: (7)
  • latitude
    (latitude)
    float64
    90.0 89.75 89.5 ... -89.75 -90.0

    units :

    degrees_north

    standard_name :

    latitude

    long_name :

    latitude

    stored_direction :

    decreasing

    array([ 90.  ,  89.75,  89.5 , ..., -89.5 , -89.75, -90.  ], shape=(721,))

  • longitude
    (longitude)
    float64
    0.0 0.25 0.5 ... 359.2 359.5 359.8

    units :

    degrees_east

    standard_name :

    longitude

    long_name :

    longitude

    array([0.0000e+00, 2.5000e-01, 5.0000e-01, ..., 3.5925e+02, 3.5950e+02,
           3.5975e+02], shape=(1440,))

  • time
    ()
    datetime64[ns]
    2026-02-01

    long_name :

    initial time of forecast

    standard_name :

    forecast_reference_time

    array('2026-02-01T00:00:00.000000000', dtype='datetime64[ns]')

  • step
    ()
    timedelta64[ns]
    00:00:00

    long_name :

    time since forecast_reference_time

    standard_name :

    forecast_period

    array(0, dtype='timedelta64[ns]')

  • heightAboveGround
    ()
    float64
    10.0

    long_name :

    height above the surface

    units :

    m

    positive :

    up

    standard_name :

    height

    array(10.)

  • valid_time
    ()
    datetime64[ns]
    2026-02-01

    standard_name :

    time

    long_name :

    time

    array('2026-02-01T00:00:00.000000000', dtype='datetime64[ns]')

  • gribfile_projection
    ()
    object
    None

    crs_wkt :

    GEOGCRS["unknown",DATUM["unknown",ELLIPSOID["unknown",6371229,0,LENGTHUNIT["metre",1,ID["EPSG",9001]]]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],ID["EPSG",8901]],CS[ellipsoidal,2],AXIS["longitude",east,ORDER[1],ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433,ID["EPSG",9122]]],AXIS["latitude",north,ORDER[2],ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433,ID["EPSG",9122]]]]

    semi_major_axis :

    6371229.0

    semi_minor_axis :

    6371229.0

    inverse_flattening :

    0.0

    reference_ellipsoid_name :

    unknown

    longitude_of_prime_meridian :

    0.0

    prime_meridian_name :

    Greenwich

    geographic_crs_name :

    unknown

    horizontal_datum_name :

    unknown

    grid_mapping_name :

    latitude_longitude

    long_name :

    HGEFS model grid projection

    array(None, dtype=object)

• Data variables: (2)
  • u10
    (latitude, longitude)
    float32
    -6.69 -6.7 -6.7 ... -5.87 -5.87

    GRIB_paramId :

    165

    GRIB_dataType :

    pf

    GRIB_numberOfPoints :

    1038240

    GRIB_typeOfLevel :

    heightAboveGround

    GRIB_stepUnits :

    1

    GRIB_stepType :

    instant

    GRIB_gridType :

    regular_ll

    GRIB_uvRelativeToGrid :

    0

    GRIB_NV :

    0

    GRIB_Nx :

    1440

    GRIB_Ny :

    721

    GRIB_cfName :

    eastward_wind

    GRIB_cfVarName :

    u10

    GRIB_gridDefinitionDescription :

    Latitude/longitude. Also called equidistant cylindrical, or Plate Carree

    GRIB_iDirectionIncrementInDegrees :

    0.25

    GRIB_iScansNegatively :

    0

    GRIB_jDirectionIncrementInDegrees :

    0.25

    GRIB_jPointsAreConsecutive :

    0

    GRIB_jScansPositively :

    0

    GRIB_latitudeOfFirstGridPointInDegrees :

    90.0

    GRIB_latitudeOfLastGridPointInDegrees :

    -90.0

    GRIB_longitudeOfFirstGridPointInDegrees :

    0.0

    GRIB_longitudeOfLastGridPointInDegrees :

    359.75

    GRIB_missingValue :

    3.4028234663852886e+38

    GRIB_name :

    10 metre U wind component

    GRIB_parameterName :

    u-component of wind

    GRIB_parameterUnits :

    m s-1

    GRIB_shapeOfTheEarth :

    6

    GRIB_shortName :

    10u

    GRIB_stepRange :

    0

    GRIB_totalNumber :

    62

    GRIB_units :

    m s**-1

    long_name :

    10 metre U wind component

    units :

    m s**-1

    standard_name :

    eastward_wind

    grid_mapping :

    gribfile_projection

    array([[-6.69, -6.7 , -6.7 , ..., -6.68, -6.68, -6.69],
           [-6.87, -6.88, -6.88, ..., -6.86, -6.86, -6.87],
           [-7.06, -7.07, -7.07, ..., -7.04, -7.05, -7.06],
           ...,
           [-5.58, -5.58, -5.58, ..., -5.56, -5.57, -5.57],
           [-5.73, -5.73, -5.74, ..., -5.71, -5.72, -5.72],
           [-5.88, -5.89, -5.89, ..., -5.86, -5.87, -5.87]],
          shape=(721, 1440), dtype=float32)

  • v10
    (latitude, longitude)
    float32
    -0.96 -0.93 -0.9 ... 1.54 1.51 1.48

    GRIB_paramId :

    166

    GRIB_dataType :

    pf

    GRIB_numberOfPoints :

    1038240

    GRIB_typeOfLevel :

    heightAboveGround

    GRIB_stepUnits :

    1

    GRIB_stepType :

    instant

    GRIB_gridType :

    regular_ll

    GRIB_uvRelativeToGrid :

    0

    GRIB_NV :

    0

    GRIB_Nx :

    1440

    GRIB_Ny :

    721

    GRIB_cfName :

    northward_wind

    GRIB_cfVarName :

    v10

    GRIB_gridDefinitionDescription :

    Latitude/longitude. Also called equidistant cylindrical, or Plate Carree

    GRIB_iDirectionIncrementInDegrees :

    0.25

    GRIB_iScansNegatively :

    0

    GRIB_jDirectionIncrementInDegrees :

    0.25

    GRIB_jPointsAreConsecutive :

    0

    GRIB_jScansPositively :

    0

    GRIB_latitudeOfFirstGridPointInDegrees :

    90.0

    GRIB_latitudeOfLastGridPointInDegrees :

    -90.0

    GRIB_longitudeOfFirstGridPointInDegrees :

    0.0

    GRIB_longitudeOfLastGridPointInDegrees :

    359.75

    GRIB_missingValue :

    3.4028234663852886e+38

    GRIB_name :

    10 metre V wind component

    GRIB_parameterName :

    v-component of wind

    GRIB_parameterUnits :

    m s-1

    GRIB_shapeOfTheEarth :

    6

    GRIB_shortName :

    10v

    GRIB_stepRange :

    0

    GRIB_totalNumber :

    62

    GRIB_units :

    m s**-1

    long_name :

    10 metre V wind component

    units :

    m s**-1

    standard_name :

    northward_wind

    grid_mapping :

    gribfile_projection

    array([[-0.96, -0.93, -0.9 , ..., -1.05, -1.02, -0.99],
           [-1.14, -1.11, -1.08, ..., -1.23, -1.2 , -1.17],
           [-1.37, -1.35, -1.32, ..., -1.47, -1.44, -1.41],
           ...,
           [ 0.94,  0.92,  0.89, ...,  1.02,  0.99,  0.97],
           [ 1.3 ,  1.27,  1.25, ...,  1.37,  1.35,  1.32],
           [ 1.46,  1.43,  1.41, ...,  1.54,  1.51,  1.48]],
          shape=(721, 1440), dtype=float32)

• Attributes: (12)

  GRIB_edition :

  2

  GRIB_centre :

  kwbc

  GRIB_centreDescription :

  US National Weather Service - NCEP

  GRIB_subCentre :

  2

  Conventions :

  CF-1.7

  institution :

  US National Weather Service - NCEP

  model :

  hgefs

  product :

  sfc

  description :

  Hybrid Global Ensemble Forecast System (HGEFS)

  remote_grib :

  https://nomads.ncep.noaa.gov/pub/data/nccf/com/hgefs/prod/hgefs.20260201/00/ensstat/products/atmos/grib2/hgefs.t00z.sfc.avg.f000.grib2

  local_grib :

  /home/blaylock/data/hgefs/20260201/subset_afeff9f0__hgefs.t00z.sfc.avg.f000

  search :

  GRD:10 m

ax = EasyMap(crs=ds.herbie.crs, figsize=[10, 8]).ax
p = ax.pcolormesh(
    ds.longitude,
    ds.latitude,
    np.sqrt(ds.u10**2 + ds.v10**2),
    transform=pc,
    **paint.NWSWindSpeed.kwargs2,
)
plt.colorbar(
    p,
    ax=ax,
    orientation="horizontal",
    pad=0.05,
    **paint.NWSWindSpeed.cbar_kwargs2,
)

ax.set_title("10-m Wind Speed", loc="right")
ax.set_title(f"{ds.model.upper()} Ensemble Mean", loc="left")

Text(0.0, 1.0, 'HGEFS Ensemble Mean')